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Nashik City Munciple Corporation

1. Urbanization
Urbanization can be defined as a concentration of people in a geographic area who can support themselves from the city’s economic activities on a fairly permanent basis. The city can be center of industry, exchange, education, government, religious activity, tourism, or involve all these activities. These diverse areas of oppurtunity attract people from rural area/smaller towns/other cities to the cities where the oppurtunities and life style quality match their aspirations.

Urban areas have many obvious faults insofar as their services to people are concerned. They can be overcrowded, contain large amounts of substandard housing, be polluted (air, noise, enivironmental), be centres of unemployment, and have vested interest groups. Taxation tends to be high and services less than adequate. However, with all of these faults, urban areas are here to stay. The charge to planners, at all levels, public and private, is to find ways of making these essential elements in our social system work better, more efficiently and thus make our cities better places to live in.


JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION
2. Urbanization – Current Indian Context

India’s fast economic growth during the 1990’s and a rapid urbanization during the same period are interlinked. The contribution of urban areas to the gross domestic product was 50 to 60 percent though the overall level of urbanization was just 28 percent in 2001. Economic growth was thus seen to be highly dependent on the fortunes of the urban areas and their ability to attract investment and increase productivity. However, rapid urbanization and under investment in urban infrastructure have resulted in serious environmental and health problems in Indian cities. Urban households across India, particularly the poor and the dienfranchised, continue to have limited access to potable water, sanitation, drainage, and solid waste disposal facilities. Further, with the opening up of the economy, cities are experiencing traffic congestions, lack of proper public transport, air and noise pollutions, and lack of access to affordable housing. Slums, which were the bane of very large cities, are now surfacing in small and medium sized urban agglomerations.

The Government of India (GOI) did not explicitly recognize the role of the urban sector in economic growth until the 8th five-year plan (1993-1997). The 74th Constitution Amendment Act (CAA) of 1992 and the 10th five-year plan (2002-2007) gave further importance to urban reforms. The GOI’s Ministry of Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation (MOUDPA) programme is expected to achieve the 10th plan vision. MOUDPA’s agenda to address growth, urban service delivery and the infrastructure gap at the municipal level revolves around the management, governance and creditworthiness of local governments. The Pooled Finance Development Scheme (PFDS), the City Challenge Fund (CCF), and the Urban Reforms Initiative Fund (URIF) are examples of innovative central government funding initiatives to support the GOI’s urban agenda.

The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) is the latest initiative of the Government of India, which emphasizes the Government’s commitment to address the urban sector agenda in the country.
 
3. JNNURM – Salient Features
Urbanization can be defined as a concentration of people in a geographic area who can support themselves from the city’s economic activities on a fairly permanent basis. The city can be center of industry, exchange, education, government, religious activity, tourism, or involve all these activities. These diverse areas of oppurtunity attract people from rural area/smaller towns/other cities to the cities where the oppurtunities and life style quality match their aspirations.

Urban areas have many obvious faults insofar as their services to people are concerned. They can be overcrowded, contain large amounts of substandard housing, be polluted (air, noise, enivironmental), be centres of unemployment, and have vested interest groups. Taxation tends to be high and services less than adequate. However, with all of these faults, urban areas are here to stay. The charge to planners, at all levels, public and private, is to find ways of making these essential elements in our social system work better, more efficiently and thus make our cities better places to live in.
 
The Government of India has devised a comprehensive program of urban renewal and expansion of social housing in towns and cities, paying attention to the need of slum dwellers – The
 
CDP of Nashik Municipal Corporation under JNNURM
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). This seven-year program (FY 2005-06 to FY 2011-12) is also expected to ensure India’s commitment to achieving the Millenium Development Goal – to facilitate investments in the urban sector, and to strengthen the existing policies in order to achieve these goals.

Launched on 3rd December, 2005, by the Honourable Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh, the JNNURM Mission Statement is “….to encorage reforms and fast track planned development of identified cities. Focus is to be on efficiency in urban infrastructure and service delivery mechanisms, community participations and accountability of ULBs (Urban Local Bodies)/Parastatal agencies toward the citizens.”
The objectives of JNNURM, as listed in its tookit, are “to ensure that the following are achieved in the urban sector:

a. Focussed attention to integrated development of infrastructure services in cities covered under the mission;

b. Establishment of linkages between asset-creation and asset management through a slew of reforms for long-term project sustainability;

• Ensuring adequate funds to meet the deficiencies in urban infrastructure services;

• Planned development of identified cities including peri-urban area, outgrowths and urban corridors leading to dispersed urbanization;

• Scale-up delivery of civic amenities and provision of utilities with emphasis on universal access to the urban poor;

• Special focus on urban renewal program for the old city areas to reduce congestation

• Provision of basic services to the urban poor including seurity of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply and sanitation, and ensuring delivery of other universal services of the government for education, health and social security.”

The JNNURM provides both incentives as well as support for undertaking reforms at State and Cities level while striving to reate the right framework for participatory planning and development and enhancing credotworthiness of urban local bodies so as to help them leverage substantial grants to attract private investments for sustainable urban development.

Three classes of cities/urban agglomerations have been identified for assistance under JNNURM :
Category A: Cities/urban agglomeration with population of 4 million and above as per 2001 census.
Category B: Cities/urban agglomeration with population of 1 million and above as per 2001 census.
Category C: Other selected cities/urban agglomeration, including state capitals and cities/UA of religious/historic and tourist importance.

Nashik city, with a population, of 1 million plus is one of cities identified under Category B, entitling it to 50 percent capital grant from the Central Government, 20 percent grants from the State Government, and 30 percent from Financial Institutions, as per JNNURM funding pattern.

The city of Nashik is the third most industrialized city of the State of Maharashtra after Mumbai & Pune. Historically, the city has always been a religious center- it is one of the four cities in India that hosts the massive Sinhastha Kumbh Mela once in twelve years. Temples and bathing ghats on the banks of Godavari have made Nashik one of the holiest places for Hindus all over the world.

As per the JNNURM strategy for achieving its objectives, each eligible city intending to accesss assistance under the Mission is expected to formulate a comprehensive City Development Plan (CDP) indicating policies, programs and strategies and financing plans, before seeking funding for specific projects. The CDP is to be formulated through a consultative process, articulating the stakeholders’

CDP of Nashik Municipal Corporation under JNNURM

perceptions and aspirations for their city and drawing of strategies aimed at achieving them in a sustainable and equitable manner.

The City development Plan for Nashik is formulated on the basis of a shared vision of its citizen and articulated through a series of stakeholder consultations. The plan horizon is for period of 25 years from 2006 to 2031.

The procedure for formulating the CDP and identification of specific strategies and projects/programs is an iterative one involving an incremental consultation framework, beginning with the current assement of the city, consensus building on the city development issues and priorities, articulating the City Vision and strategy options for identifying specific projects and actions for implementation.

The following report is an effort of the Nashik Municipal Corporation towards presenting the same in a cohesive and articulate manner.

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